John g



'ii-,NEED @raras rarrurorricr..

JoHN G. GARRETsoN, on SALEM, IOWA.

HAND-mom.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 7,378, dated May 21, 1850ii Figure l is an elevated perspective view ofthe loom put up containing the parts I claim as my invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the same showing the position of the breast beam, mid beam, axis of the lathe, a section of its body with the cam wheel and plickersta therein, a view of one of the drivers, the nger, the hand, one of the treadles ac. Fig. 3 is a front view of the lathe with the piokersta attached to the picker straps.` ig. 4 is a view of the cam wheel drawn in two parts the better to show each end, thiscam wheel seen in section at 1' Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a section of the body of the lathe in an inverted position showing the aperture in which the cam wheel is to be placed, the groove for the Enger l l l l `marked N, O, P, S and zf to construct which take scantling say 3 by G and about 7 feet long into which at proper distance sta and spring the mode `of attaching the lifting slide, Kto. n Fig. 6 the linger staff` its ngerand spring. Fig. 7 is one of the drivers. Fig.` 8 is the lifting slide. Fig. t), is one of the treadles. Fig. 10 is the hand.` `Fig. 11 is a view of a section of the body of the lathe in an inverted position showing the mode of attaching the cam wheel the lifting slide the nger sta'izc.

l My improvement in looms chiefly consists. in the novel method of shedding the web` by the direct actionof the lathe upon the treadle by means nf the finger at each backward vibration of the lathe coming in. con tact with a shoulder or` jog on the treadle provided for that purpose, together with machinery attached to and in the body of the lathe suitable for moving the linger successively from treadle to treadle` such as the nature of the fabric may require, also machinery suitable for propelling the shuttle back and forth immediately after the shed is produced.

A `frame suitable for supporting a lathe so constructed with the parts connected therewith may be of the kind `represented in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 `all of which I will now proceed to describe and refer to by letters,

the letters referring to the like letters on the drawings.

Let A A, Fig. 1 the sides be 2g by l0 inches and t feet long` connected together by a tie say 21-` by 10 inchesthe tenons entering the mortise M 2. Into A Fig. l Iaflx B B B B Fig. 1 the legs of suitable size and length.

C, C, Fig. 1 are timbers inserted into A A to furnish an axis for the lathe, as represented at C, Fig.` 2,

D, Fig. 1, is the breast beam 2% by 5 and rising 3% inches higher than A, A, Fig. 1 also into D Fig. l l make the mortises a, a Fig.` 1 about by 2 inches to receive the driver Fig. 7. l

b Fig. l, are proper supports for the axis of thetreadles K Figs. l, 2 and 9 and aflixed into D` Fig, 1. The mid beam E Fig. 1 is of the same size of D and placed as seen at E FiO. `2.

L Fig. 2 is F, Fig. 1 is the cloth beam. the outline of the yarn beam.

G, G Fig. 1 are standards about 20 inches high, ailixed into A A Fig. l for the purpose of sustaining H Fig. 1 a beam used for ysupporting the harness.

J, Fig. 3,`is the lathe with its parts apart I insert `the swords N,M, timbers say 2 by 2` and 25 inches long the use of the swords is to hang the lathe upon, the axis `of which may be seen at C N Fig. 2 the upper end of theswords is made to extend through the body of the lathe J Fig. 3 to `support the cap 3, the use of themcap lis to help confine the reed and furnish a hang hold to operate by when propelled by han R B- Fig. 3 are the shuttle boxes of the common o-r any suitable kind, the aperture z' Fig. 3 is about 3 inoheslong and one inch wide for the admission of the hand'hereafter `to be described.

S, Fig. 3, is a `mortise through the lathe inches `wide and two inches deep as represented in the figure its use is first to receive Fig. 3 the "pickersta'li' where its axis is xed the center of the mortise secondly to admit the drivers Fig. 7 one of which passes through the lathe on each side of the picker staff. l

P Fig. 3 is `the pickerstaff made of hard `W@ or other suitable `material about of an inch thick and about 3 inches wide at the widest part and 5% or 6 inches long the shoulders as seen in the figure are for the purpose of being acted upon by the drivers Fig. 7 alternately throwing the small end back and forth which motion is communicated to the shuttle by the common means of straps and pickers Fig. 4 the cam wheel is a cylinder say 2% inches in diameter and 6 inches long exclusive of its `journals J, K Fig. 4 which may be of an inch diameter and one inch long. Near oneend thereof I cut 4 or 6 notches one inch wide and of an inch deep as at m Fig. 4 the use of these notches' is-to be acted upon by the shoulder or projection of the hand Fig. 10 as the lathe is drawn forward or toward the cloth, one end of the hand Fig. 10 being fixed in D Fig. 2 part of which as seen at z., Fig. 2, the other end passingA through thev mortise z' Fig. 3 and lays immediately over the cam wheel at the notch m, Fig. 4, and is acted upon by the shoulder of the hand Fig. 10 and thereby causes the cam wheel Fig. 4to move onward the distance of one notch that is Si or 2; of a revolution every time the lathe is drawn forward for the purpose of beating up the lling.

Atfn, Fig. 4 I cutl zigzag groove aboue 7j; inch wide and deep and diverging about one fourth of an inch back and forth and terminating at the beginning point, the use of this zigzag groove is to act on a projection of the lever of the lifting slide seen at 0 Fig. 5. and thereby communicating to the lifting slide Fig. 8 an onward and backward motion alternately of about of an inch so as to cause the projections t, Fig.

8 alternately partially to fill the aperture S Fig. 3 and thereby causing the driver on that side'to pass over the shoulder of the picker staff P Fig. 3 while (at the backward vibration of the lathe) the other driver comes in contact with the shoulder of the pickerstal and communicates the proper motion to the picker straps picker and shuttle the projections t t may be seen at the dotted lines extending from t t Fig. 11.

At the end of the cam wheel Fig. 4 next la I out a spiral cam of about 22; inches pitch in the whole revolution; the use of this cam is to act on the end of the fingerstaff W Fig. 6 and cause it to move about of an inch onward y(or the thickness of one treadlle) at each forward vibration of the lathe so that the finger Y Fig. 6 may at the next backward vibration of the lathe stand over and be ready to act upon the next treadle and so on until the cam wheel makes a full revolution when the spring Z Fig. 7 causes the fingerstaff W Fig. 6 to recoil and so place the finger Y Fig. 6 in a situation to act on the rst treadle.

Fig. 5 is a section of the body of the lathe already described this figure represents the inches long both of hard wood or other suitable material Z Fig. 6 is a spring of l inch wire of which 40 or 50 coils are required. The use of the spring is to make the fingerstafl recoil back from the extreme .point of the cam and thereby place the finger Y Fig. 6 in a situation to act on the first treadle in the series.

Fig. 7 is the driver of which 2 are used being about 15 inches long 2 inches wide and 111; inches thick atY the thickest part being provided with a shoulder near one end as yseen in the figure one end of the driver may be .seen entering at D Fig. 2 into one of the mortises a, a, Fig. 1 the use of the driver is to act on the shoulder of the pickerstaff P Fig. 3 for the purpose of `throwing the shuttle as already described.

Fig. 8 is thelifting slide and may be made of a strip of wood .15 by 1 inch and 15 inches long` the projections t t are inch strap iron about 2 inches long and properly secured by rivets or other wire the lifting slide with its lever is seen at O O Fig. 5 properly placed in or on thelathe. l Fig. 9 is the treadle marked K of an inch thick 3 inches wide and 15 inches long and proportioned as the figure .represents provided with a shoulder upon which the finger Y Fig. 6 is to act to bear down the treadle for the purpose of shedding the web the ,proper place for the axis of the treadles is at b Fig. 2; At Y Fig. 2 may be seen the finger ready to come' in contact with the shoulder of K Fig. 2 by moving the lathe J Fig. 2 backward.

Fig. 10 is the hand made of hard wood orv other suitable material about 14 inches long and g of an inch wide and provided with a shoulder at about 9 inches from its axis in D Fig. 2 where a section of it may be seen at It Fig. 2 the" other end entering the aperture z'/ Fig. 3 to give motion to the cam wheel Fig. 4 as above described.

Fig. 11 is a view of the back of the lathe in an inverted position showing the parts already described and the letters and marks represent similar parts as in the foregoing figures.

The operation on the loom when propelled by hand power may be performed thus: Take hold of the handle in Cap O Fig.` 1 and push the lathe backward until the finger Y Fig. 2 comes in contact with shoulder seen at K Fig. 2'the treadle still pushing back the lathe J Fig. 2 the finger Y Fig. 2 approaches nearly in a line parallel with N Fig. 2 the sword `compelling the treadle downward and consequently the harness and web and a shed is produced preparatory to the passage of the shuttle. The shuttle` isthen thrown in the following manner as soonas the web is opened wide enough by the above operationthe shoulder of the driver Fig. 7 and seen also at D Fig. 2 comes in Contact with one of the shoulders of F Fig. 2 the pickerstaif and produces the necessary motion to the picker and the shuttie passes through. Then by drawing the lathe forward one'of the notches m Fig. 4 cornes in contact with the shoulder of the hand Fig. l0 and the .cam wheel Fig. 4 is moved forward one notch. The lifting slide Fig. 8 is thereby caused to move so that one of the projections t t Fig. 8 may partially fill that part of the mortise S Fig. 3 in which the driver has last acted on` the pick erstaif at the same time opening that side of S Fig. 3 on which'the other driver is .next to act. The same motion of the cam wheel Fig. 4 just describedV acting by its cam on the end of the fingerstai I Fig. 11 causes the finger Y Fig. l1 or Y Fig. 2 to pass over to the next treadle on the left continuing to pull forward you beat up the filling and the next backward motion produces the same effect, that is opens the web and throws the shuttle through and so on thus by varying the pitch of the cam wheel, the number of treadles the mode of hanging the harness plane cloth and many of the various kinds of twilling is produced.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is l. The shedding the web by the direct action of thelathe on the treadles by means of theinovable finger Y Fig. 6 and the iingerstaii" W Fig. 6 or any similar fixtures for the purpose bearing down the treadle and thereby producing a shed in the web at the backward vibration of the lathe.

2. I also claim as my invent-ion the combined action of the hand Fig. l0 cam wheel Fig. 4 ngerstafr' Wr Fig. 6 and the finger Y Fig. 6 upon the treadles K Fig. 9 as above described for the purpose of shedding the web by the backward vibration of the lathe.

3. I also claim the combined action of the hand Fig. 10 cam wheel Fig. 4 b3 the Zigzag groove n Fig. 4 lifting sli Fig. 8 and drivers Fig. 7 upon the pickerstaft' P Fig. 3 as above described for the purpose of throwing the shuttle back and forth alternately at each backward vibration of the lathe immediately after the shed is produced the loom to be propelled `by hand or other suit-able powerall the above parts being substantially as herein described.

JOI-IN G. GARRETSON. 

